Written by Manmohini Tiwari
If you’re just beginning your journey into the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme—often simply called the IB or IBDP—you’re probably full of questions. What exactly is the IB? How does it work? And what makes it different from other high school programs? Also, how do you pronounce it?
Whether you’re a student, parent, or curious educator, this guide will walk you through the key features of the IBDP in a clear and simple way.
What Is the IB Diploma Programme?
The IB Diploma Programme is a two-year pre-university curriculum for students aged 16 to 19. Recognized by universities all around the world, it’s known for its academic rigor, global perspective, and emphasis on holistic development. But it’s more than just a set of challenging courses—it’s a framework that encourages you to become a thinker, a communicator, and a caring, curious citizen of the world.
The IBDP has six subject groups, and students choose one subject from each group (though one can be dropped in favour of a second subject from Groups 1–4):
- Studies in Language and Literature – typically your best language (e.g., English A).
- Language Acquisition – a second language (e.g., French B, Spanish Ab initio).
- Individuals and Societies – subjects like History, Economics, Psychology.
- Sciences – Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Environmental Systems, etc.
- Mathematics – two main routes: Math: Analysis & Approaches or Math: Applications & Interpretation.
- The Arts – Visual Arts, Theatre, Music… or a second subject from Groups 1–4.
What Makes the IB Unique? The core.
Beyond the six subjects, the heart of the IBDP lies in “The Core”, which includes:
Theory of Knowledge (TOK): A course that asks, “How do we know what we know?” It encourages students to reflect on the nature of knowledge across disciplines.
Extended Essay (EE): An independent 4,000-word research paper on a topic of your choice. It develops your research, writing, and time management skills.
CAS (Creativity, Activity, Service): A non-academic component encouraging students to get involved in the arts, physical activity, and community service.
How Is the IB Graded?
Each subject is graded out of 7 points. The TOK and EE together can contribute up to 3 bonus points, making the maximum possible score 45.
Passing the IB Diploma requires:
- At least 24 points overall.
- Completion of all Core components.
- Certain minimums across HL and SL subjects.
Universities often look favorably on IB scores, especially in competitive programs where the 40+ range is considered excellent.
Why Do Students Choose the IB?
Here’s what makes the IB stand out:
- It’s recognized globally – Universities from the UK to the US, Canada to Singapore, know and value the IBDP.
- It prepares you for university-level thinking – With essays, presentations, and independent research.
- It builds more than academics – IB students become time managers, collaborators, and critical thinkers.
- It’s flexible across interests – Whether you’re artsy, scientific, or multilingual.
Is It Really That Hard?
The IB is challenging, but manageable with the right approach. It’s not just about working hard—it’s about working smart, staying organized, and keeping a balance.
Final Thoughts: Should You Choose the IB?
If you’re someone who loves learning, enjoys asking questions, and wants to develop academically, personally, and globally—the IB might be a great fit. It’s a demanding program, yes, but also a deeply rewarding one.
Whether you’re about to start your IB journey or still considering your options, I hope this helped demystify what the IB Diploma Programme is all about. A lot of the opportunities that I have been given have been more accessible to me as a result of the experience and skills I have learnt during my time as an IB student. You’re not alone—every IB student starts with questions, and ends with a story worth telling.
Best wishes
Manmohini
